Tag Archive for 'H1N1'

Thimerosal and Vaccines

Since the recent announcement that Washington State is lifting the ban on thimerosal in order to vaccinate children against influenza H1N1 otherwise known as swine flu, I have been asked many questions on this topic.

The ultimate question is “is the vaccine safe” and “what about thimerosal”? The quick answer is that getting the H1N1 vaccine is important. The scientific literature does not support an association between thimerosal and autism. When the vaccine becomes available, I have no concerns about my children getting whatever form of the vaccine is available.

Some background on Thimerosal from the CDC and FDA websites. Thimerosal is a mercury-containing preservative used in some vaccines and other products since the 1930s. There is no convincing scientific evidence of harm caused by the low doses of thimerosal in vaccines, except for minor reactions like redness and swelling at the injection site. However, in July 1999, the Public Health Service agencies, the American Academyof Pediatrics, and vaccine manufacturers agreed that thimerosal should be reduced or eliminated in vaccines as a precautionary measure.

Thimerosal, which is approximately 50% mercury by weight, has been one of the most widely used preservatives in vaccines. It is metabolized or degraded to ethylmercury and thiosalicylate. Ethylmercury is an organomercurial that should be distinguished from methylmercury, a related substance that has been the focus of considerable study.

Evidence from several studies examining trends in vaccine use and changes in autism frequency does not support such an association. Furthermore, a scientific review* by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) concluded that “the evidence favors rejection of a causal relationship between thimerosal-containing vaccines and autism.” CDC supports the IOM conclusion.

The above is from the FDA website

http://www.fda.gov/BiologicsBloodVaccines/SafetyAvailability/VaccineSafety/UCM096228
http://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/updates/thimerosal.htm

Influenza H1N1

I came across a great article the other day in the New York Times regarding Influenza H1N1 otherwise known as swine flu.

I would certainly recommend that all children receive the regular influenza vaccine this season. This will most certainly be available before the swine flu vaccine gets out to doctors offices.

Below is the NYT link

http://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/08/health/08well.html?_r=2&ref=health

Back To School

School is back in session. My oldest just started Kindergarten this week. It makes you realize that life goes too quickly. I am not sure whether my daughter or wife was more anxious about it. They both did well.

With children going back to school, it is important to teach them good hygiene to prevent illnesses this Fall and Winter. I suspect we all will be inundated with flu related news everywhere.

Some simple measures your children can do include:
*washing their hands with soap and water frequently throughout the day.
*use of hand sanitizers when soap and water is not available.
*encouraging them to cover their nose and mouth with their elbow when coughing or sneezing to prevent the spread of germs

Most illnesses are preventable with a few simple precautions.

Have a great Fall

Influenza this School Year.

With back to school, comes back to illnesses and I suspect things will start up early this school year. I have already seen 2 cases of influenza H1N1 otherwise known as swine flu in the last 2 weeks. Fortunately the symptoms have been mild and none have needed any antiviral medications whatsoever.

Locally, Group Health has started conducting clinical trials of the vaccine. It is one of eight federally funded Vaccine and Treatment Evaluation Units.  

Parents will also be glad to know that the CDC has recently updated the isolation precautions for people with Influenza H1N1 or people with flu like symptoms. The new recommendation is that children with fever need to stay home for at least 24 hours after they are free of fever without the use of fever reducing medication.

When the vaccine does become available, usage will initially target the high risk which includes Pregnant woman, people who live with or care for children under 6 months of age, health care workers,  people between 6 months and 24 years of age and people older than 24 with chronic health conditions.

Swine Flu

 Protecting your kids from Swine Flu and when to go to your doctor

 

I heard the sad news this morning about the 22-month-old in Texas who died from complications due to the Swine flu and it made me realize that there are probably a lot of parents out there wondering what they can do to keep their kids safe and healthy during this scary time.  I thought I would jot down some tips I’ve shared over time with parents.

 

Washing hands

Hand washing is your best advocate. Colds and the Flu can spread rapidly through our kids because they touch everything and are not always so good about washing their hands…thus they can spread germs through the “mismanagement” of their mucus. If your child is in day care or school don’t be afraid to ask the teachers to review hand washing with the kids. Everyone can benefit from the extra education.

 

Cold vs. flu

Parents often ask me the difference between a cold and the flu. The “common cold,” often called an upper respiratory infection, has symptoms that include runny nose, congestion, sore throat, fever, watery eyes and cough. Kids get a lot of colds: six to 12 a year is normal. The more often your child touches their face, the more often they will get sick.

 

Classic symptoms of influenza or flu include the common cold symptoms listed, plus fevers, chills, body aches and stomachaches, lack of appetite and sometimes red eyes. Children with the flu may also have nausea, vomiting or diarrhea.

 

What is swine flu?
Swine Influenza is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by type A influenza viruses that causes regular outbreaks in pigs. People do not normally get swine flu, but human infections can and do happen.

 

Treating a cold or flu

Whether it’s a cold or flu, the treatment is typically the same. Over-the-counter decongestants are often not very helpful—nor will they help your child get better faster. They are not recommended at all for children under 6 years of age.  I always tell my patients to stop using the over-the-counter cold and cough medications if they are not helping them feel better. Most children start slowly feeling better within four to five days for simple colds, either with or without medication.

With the flu, symptoms can sometimes last a little longer. It is more helpful to offer your child plenty of fluids and nutritious meals. A humidifier, saline drops or warm baths or showers can help clear the nose. If your child’s temperature is elevated, offer acetaminophen or ibuprofen.

 

When to go to the doctor

Be it a cold, fever or flu, your child should see his or her doctor under the following circumstances if he or she:

·             Has taken inadequate liquids and has significant decreased urination

·             If your child is under 3 months of age and has a rectal temperature above 100.4F

·             Has a severe headache

·             Is unusually sleepy

·             Is inconsolable and persistently crying

·             Has persistent purulent nasal congestion lasting more than 10 days that is not improving.

 

Antibiotic not automatic

Viruses cause colds. Viruses do not respond to antibiotics and thus play no role in the treatment of simple colds and flu. When it comes to antibiotic usage, the less, the better. If your child’s physician thinks she has a viral illness, the doctor should not be prescribing antibiotics to prevent a yet-to-occur bacterial infection. The best medicine for colds is rest and plenty of fluids.

 

Antiviral medication

Sometimes patients with influenza can be given antiviral medication to help treat the illness. Antiviral therapy is recommended for cases of suspected and confirmed swine influenza.  A suspected case of swine influenza A (H1N1) virus infection is defined as a person with an acute febrile respiratory illness who:

1.       Has had close contact with a person who is a swine-origin influenza confirmed case OR

2.       Has traveled to a community in the United States or internationally where there are one or more confirmed swine influenza A (H1N1) cases. (Updated information about areas with confirmed human cases can be found at http://www.cdc.gov/swineflu/index.htm.) OR

3.       Resides in a community where there are one or more confirmed swine-origin influenza A (H1N1) cases.

 

Fever

Fever is the body’s way to fight an infection. Fever itself is not an illness (with the exception of heatstroke), only a symptom of one. A fever is generally defined as anything over 100.4F. Fevers typically go away within about 72 to 96 hours. An elevated temperature is not a sign your child automatically needs an antibiotic. Because the fever is a symptom, it is important to look for the possible cause, such as ear infection, cold, flu, sinus infection or something more serious.